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All National Monuments Designated Under the Antiquities Act

Nearly every president since Teddy Roosevelt has designated national monuments to recognize a place's contribution to America's heritage—and Trump is trying to undo this history. Here's a complete list of monuments, including 54 that are now threatened.
Grand Staircase-Escalante
Credit: Bob Wick/BLM
NRDC

The designation of a national monument is a recognition of the space’s contribution to America’s heritage, whether through its rich natural beauty or the role it’s played in our developing national story. Nearly every president since Theodore Roosevelt has made use of his Antiquities Act authority to create monuments. And together, they’ve woven a colorful fabric representing America. To remove any thread would be a travesty.

Barack Obama (2009 – 2017)

Birmingham Civil Rights

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2017
LOCATION: Alabama
FINAL ACREAGE: Nine-tenths of an acre

Freedom Riders

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2017
LOCATION: Alabama
FINAL ACREAGE: 6

Reconstruction Era

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2017
LOCATION: South Carolina
FINAL ACREAGE: 16

Mojave Trails

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2016
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 1.6 million

Sand to Snow

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2016
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 154,000

Castle Mountain

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2016
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 20,920

Belmont-Paul Women's Equality

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2016
LOCATION: Washington, D.C.
FINAL ACREAGE: One-third of an acre

Stonewall

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2016
LOCATION: New York
FINAL ACREAGE: One-tenth of an acre

Katahdin Woods and Waters

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2016
LOCATION: Maine
FINAL ACREAGE: 87,563

Northeast Canyons and Seamounts

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2016
LOCATION: Massachusetts
FINAL AREA: 4,913 square miles

Bears Ears National

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2016
LOCATION: Utah
FINAL ACREAGE: 1.35 million

Honouliuli

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2015
LOCATION: Hawaii
FINAL ACREAGE: 123

Pullman

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2015
LOCATION: Illinois
FINAL ACREAGE: One-quarter acres

Browns Canyon

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2015
LOCATION: New Mexico
FINAL ACREAGE: 21,586

Berryessa Snow Mountain

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2015
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 330,780

Waco Mammoth

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2015
LOCATION: Texas
FINAL ACREAGE: 7.11

Basin and Range

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2015
LOCATION: Nevada
FINAL ACREAGE: 704,000

Organ Mountains-Desert Peaks

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2014
LOCATION: New Mexico
FINAL ACREAGE: 496,330

San Gabriel Mountains

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2014
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 346,177

San Juan Islands

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2013
LOCATION: Washington
FINAL ACREAGE: 970

Rio Grande del Norte

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2013
LOCATION: New Mexico
FINAL ACREAGE: 242,555

Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2013
LOCATION: Maryland
FINAL ACREAGE: 11,750
480 acres were redesignated a National Historic Park

First State

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2013
LOCATION: Delaware
FINAL ACREAGE: 1,108
Redesignated as a National Historic Park

Charles Young Buffalo Soldiers

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2013
LOCATION: Ohio
FINAL ACREAGE: 5,965

Fort Ord

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2012
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 14,651

Chimney Rock

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2012
LOCATION: Colorado
FINAL ACREAGE: 4,726

Ceasar Chavez

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2012
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 10.5

Fort Monroe

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2011
LOCATION: Virginia
FINAL ACREAGE: 325.21

George W. Bush (2001 – 2009)

Rose Atoll

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2009
LOCATION: American Samoa
FINAL AREA: 13,451 square miles

Pacific Remote Islands

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2009
LOCATION: Hawaii
FINAL AREA: 495,189 square miles

Marianas Trench

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2009
LOCATION: Northern Mariana Islands and Guam
FINAL AREA: 95,216 square miles

WWII Valor in the Pacific

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2008
LOCATION: Hawaii
FINAL AREA: 6,310 square miles

African Burial Ground

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2006
LOCATION: New York
FINAL ACREAGE: One-third acre

Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2006
LOCATION: Hawaii
FINAL AREA: 582,781 square miles
Renamed Papahanamokuakea by G.W. Bush

William J. Clinton (1993 – 2001)

Carrizo Plain

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2001
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 204,107

Kasha-Katuwe Tent Rocks

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2001
LOCATION: New Mexico
FINAL ACREAGE: 4,148

Minidoka Internment

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2001
LOCATION: Idaho
FINAL ACREAGE: 72.75

Pompeys Pillar

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2001
LOCATION: Montana
FINAL ACREAGE: 51

Sonoran Desert

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2001
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 486,149

Upper Missouri River Breaks

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2001
LOCATION: Montana
FINAL ACREAGE: 377,346

Virgin Islands Coral Reef

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2001
LOCATION: Virgin Islands
FINAL ACREAGE: 12,708

Governors Island

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2001
LOCATION: New York
FINAL ACREAGE: 22

Agua Fria

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2000
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 71,100

California Coastal

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2000
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 8,778

Grand Canyon-Parashant

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2000
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 1 million

Giant Sequoia

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2000
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 327,769

Canyons of the Ancients

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2000
LOCATION: Colorado
FINAL ACREAGE: 164,000

Cascade-Siskiyou

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2000
LOCATION: Oregon/California
FINAL ACREAGE: 100,000

Hanford Reach

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2000
LOCATION: Washington
FINAL ACREAGE: 195,000

Ironwood Forest

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2000
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 128,917

President Lincoln and Soldier's Home

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2000
LOCATION: Washington, D.C.
FINAL ACREAGE: 2.3

Vermillion Cliffs

DESIGNATION YEAR: 2000
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 293,000

Grand Staircase-Escalante

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1996
LOCATION: Utah
FINAL ACREAGE: 1.7 million

Jimmy Carter (1977 – 1981)

Admiralty Island

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 1.1 million
The majority of the acreage was designated as Wilderness under the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA)

Aniakchak

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 488,000
Redesignated as a National Marine Park under the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA)

Becharof

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 1.2 million
Redesignated as a Wildlife Refuge under the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA)

Bering Land Bridge

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 3.5 million
Redesignated as a National Preserve under the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA)

Cape Krusenstern

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 560,000

Denali

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 3.9 million
Redesignated as a National Park & Preserve under the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA)

Gates of the Arctic

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 8.2 million
Redesignated as a National Park & Preserve under the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA)

Kenai Fjords

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 570,000
Redesignated as a National Park under the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA)

Kobuk Valley

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 1.7 million
Redesignated as a National Park under the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA)

Lake Clark

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 2.5 million
Redesignated as a National Park & Preserve under the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA)

Misty Fjords

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 2.3 million

Noatak

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 5.9 million
Redesignated as a National Preserve under the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA)

Wrangell-St. Elias

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 11 million
Redesignated as a National Park & Preserve under the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA)

Yukon-Charley Rivers

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 1.7 million
Redesignated as a National Preserve under the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA)

Yukon Flats

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1978
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 10.6 million
Redesignated as a National Wildlife Refuge under the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA)

Lyndon B. Johnson (1963 – 1969)

Marble Canyon

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1969
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 32,546.69
Incorporated into Grand Canyon National Park

John F. Kennedy (1961 – 1963)

Russell Cave

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1961
LOCATION: Alabama
FINAL ACREAGE: 310.45

Buck Island Reef

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1961
LOCATION: Virgin Islands
FINAL ACREAGE: 18,135

Dwight D. Eisenhower (1953 – 1961)

Chesapeake & Ohio Canal

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1961
LOCATION: Maryland
FINAL ACREAGE: 5,264
Redesignated as a National Historic Park

Edison Laboratory

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1956
LOCATION: New Jersey
FINAL ACREAGE: 1.5
Redesignated as a National Historic Site

Harry S. Truman (1945 – 1953)

Effigy Mounds

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1949
LOCATION: Iowa
FINAL ACREAGE: 1,000

Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933 – 1945)

Jackson Hole

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1943
LOCATION: Wyoming
FINAL ACREAGE: 210,950
Redesignated Grand Teton National Park

Santa Rosa Island

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1939
LOCATION: Florida
FINAL ACREAGE: 4,800
Incorporated into Gulf Islands National Seashore

Tuzigoot

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1939
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 834

Channel Islands

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1938
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 27,038
Redesignated as a National Park

Fort Laramie

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1938
LOCATION: Wyoming
FINAL ACREAGE: 214
Redesignated as a National Historic Site

Zion "II" (Kolob Section)

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1937
LOCATION: Utah
FINAL ACREAGE: 49,150
Incorporated into Zion National Park

Organ Pipe Cactus

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1937
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 330,690

Capitol Reef

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1937
LOCATION: Utah
FINAL ACREAGE: 255,156
Redesignated as a National Park

Joshua Tree

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1936
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 825,340
Redesignated as a National Park

Fort Jefferson

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1935
LOCATION: Florida
FINAL ACREAGE: 47,125
Redesignated Dry Tortugas National Park

Cedar Breaks

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1933
LOCATION: Utah
FINAL ACREAGE: 5,701

Herbert Hoover (1929 – 1933)

White Sands

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1933
LOCATION: New Mexico
FINAL ACREAGE: 132,884.28

Death Valley

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1933
LOCATION: California/Nevada
FINAL ACREAGE: 1.2 million
Redesignated as a National Park

Saguaro

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1933
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 68,870
Redesignated as a National Park

Black Canyon of the Gunnison

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1933
LOCATION: Colorado
FINAL ACREAGE: 12,678
Redesignated as a National Park

Grand Canyon "II"

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1932
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 344,999
Incorporated into Grand Canyon National Park

Great Sand Dunes

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1932
LOCATION: Colorado
FINAL ACREAGE: 26,608
Redesignated as a National Park & Preserve

Sunset Crater

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1930
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 3,040
Renamed Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument

Arches

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1929
LOCATION: Utah
FINAL ACREAGE: 82,383
Redesignated as a National Park

Holy Cross

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1929
LOCATION: Colorado
FINAL ACREAGE: 1,392
Incorporated into White River National Forest

Calvin Coolidge (1923 – 1929)

Meriwether Lewis

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1925
LOCATION: Tennessee
FINAL ACREAGE: 150
Included in Natchez Trace National Scenic Trail

Glacier Bay

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1925
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 2.8 million
Redesignated National Park and Preserve

Father Millet Cross

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1925
LOCATION: New York
FINAL ACREAGE: Less than one hundreth of an acre
Transferred to New York, now part of Old Fort Niagara State Park

Lava Beds

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1925
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 45,801.05

Chiricahua

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1924
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 10,062.12

Craters of the Moon

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1924
LOCATION: Idaho
FINAL ACREAGE: 715,433.8
Redesignated National Preserve

Fort Wood

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1924
LOCATION: New York
FINAL ACREAGE: 58.38
Renamed Statue of Liberty National Monument

Castle Pickney

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1924
LOCATION: South Carolina
FINAL ACREAGE: 3.5
Transferred to South Carolina

Fort Pulaski

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1924
LOCATION: Georgia
FINAL ACREAGE: 20.25

Fort Marion

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1924
LOCATION: Florida
FINAL ACREAGE: 18.51
Redesignated Castillo San Marcos National Monument

Fort Matanzas

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1924
LOCATION: Florida
FINAL ACREAGE: 298.42

Wupataki

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1924
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 35,813

Carlsbad Cave

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1923
LOCATION: New Mexico
FINAL ACREAGE: 719.22
Redesignated as a National Park

Warren G. Harding (1921 – 1923)

Aztec Ruin

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1923
LOCATION: New Mexico
FINAL ACREAGE: 25.34

Hovenweep

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1923
LOCATION: Utah/Colorado
FINAL ACREAGE: 446.8

Mound City Group

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1923
LOCATION: Ohio
FINAL ACREAGE: 57
Redesignated Hopewell Culture National Historic Park

Pipe Springs

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1923
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 40

Bryce Canyon

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1923
LOCATION: Utah
FINAL ACREAGE: 7,440
Redesignated as a National Park

Lehman Caves

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1922
LOCATION: Nevada
FINAL ACREAGE: 593.03
Incorporated into Great Basin National Park

Timpanogos Cave

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1922
LOCATION: Utah
FINAL ACREAGE: 250

Fossil Cycad

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1922
LOCATION: South Dakota
FINAL ACREAGE: 320

Woodrow Wilson (1913 – 1921)

Scotts Bluff

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1919
LOCATION: Nebraska
FINAL ACREAGE: 2,107.17

Yucca House

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1919
LOCATION: Colorado
FINAL ACREAGE: 9.6

Casa Grande

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1918
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 480

Katamai

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1918
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 2.5 million
Redesignated National Park & Preserve

Verendrye

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1917
LOCATION: North Dakota
FINAL ACREAGE: 253.04
Transferred to North Dakota

Bandelier

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1916
LOCATION: New Mexico
FINAL ACREAGE: 37,780

Sieur de Monts

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1916
LOCATION: Maine
FINAL ACREAGE: 5000
Redesignated as Acadia National Park

Capulin Mountain

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1916
LOCATION: New Mexico
FINAL ACREAGE: 640.42
Redesignated Capulin Volcano National Monument

Old Kasaan

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1916
LOCATION: Alaska
FINAL ACREAGE: 43

Dinosaur

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1915
LOCATION: Utah/Colorado
FINAL ACREAGE: 283,885

Walnut Canyon

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1915
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 1,873.6

Papago Saguaro

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1914
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 2,050.43
Transferred to Arizona

Cabrillo

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1913
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 137.1

William Howard Taft (1909 – 1913)

Colorado

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1911
LOCATION: Colorado
FINAL ACREAGE: 13,792.06

Devil Postpile

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1911
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 798.46

Sitka

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1910
LOCATION: Alaksa
FINAL ACREAGE: 111.334
Redesignated as a National Historic Park

Rainbow Bridge

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1910
LOCATION: Utah
FINAL ACREAGE: 160

Big Hole Battlefield

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1910
LOCATION: Montana
FINAL ACREAGE: 200
Redesignated as a National Battlefield

Navajo

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1909
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 40

Oregon Caves

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1909
LOCATION: Oregon
FINAL ACREAGE: 473.8
Designated National Monument and Preserve by Congress

Mukuntu-weap/Zion

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1909
LOCATION: Utah
FINAL ACREAGE: 92,800
Redesignated Zion National Park

Shoshone Cavern

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1909
LOCATION: Wyoming
FINAL ACREAGE: 210
Transferred to Wyoming

Gran Quivera

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1909
LOCATION: New Mexico
FINAL ACREAGE: 400
Abolished by Congress in 1980 and redesignated as Salinas Pueblo Missions NM in 1988

Theodore Roosevelt (1901 – 1909)

Mount Olympus

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1909
LOCATION: Washington
FINAL ACREAGE: 325,120
Redesignated as a National Park

Muir Woods

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1908
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 934.931

Grand Canyon

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1908
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 808,120
Redesignated Grand Canyon National Park

Pinnacles

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1908
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 26,174.33
400 acres of the Monument designated Pinnacles National Parks

Jewel Cave

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1908
LOCATION: South Dakota
FINAL ACREAGE: 1,274.56

Natural Bridges

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1908
LOCATION: Utah
FINAL ACREAGE: 7,656

Lewis and Clark Cavern

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1908
LOCATION: Montana
FINAL ACREAGE: 160
Transferred to Montana, now a state park

Tumacacori

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1908
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 17.04
Redesignated as a National Historic Park

Wheeler

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1908
LOCATION: Colorado
FINAL ACREAGE: 300

Chaco Canyon

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1907
LOCATION: New Mexico
FINAL ACREAGE: 32,152.53
Designated as a National Historic Park

Cinder Cone

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1907
LOCATION: California
FINAL ACREAGE: 5,120
Incorporated into Lassen Volcanic National Park

Gila Cliff Dwelings

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1907
LOCATION: New Mexico
FINAL ACREAGE: 533.25

Tonto

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1907
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 1120

Devils Tower

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1906
LOCATION: Wyoming
FINAL ACREAGE: 1,939.91

El Morro

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1906
LOCATION: New Mexico
FINAL ACREAGE: 400

Montezuma Castle

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1906
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 528.39

Petrified Forest

DESIGNATION YEAR: 1906
LOCATION: Arizona
FINAL ACREAGE: 99,460.42
Designated as a National Park

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